About

• Preliminary/Primary:Involves physical separation processes like screening and settling tanks to remove large solids, oil, and grease.
• Secondary:Uses biological methods, such as activated sludge or biofilters, to break down biodegradable organic matter.
• Tertiary:Applies advanced techniques like disinfection, advanced filtration, and chemical treatment to remove residual suspended solids, dissolved solids, nutrients, and heavy metals.

• Environmental protection:Prevents pollution of water bodies from harmful substances, protecting aquatic life and ecosystems.
• Water reuse:Allows for treated water to be reused for non-potable purposes like irrigation or industrial processes, conserving freshwater resources.
• Regulatory compliance:Helps industries and municipalities meet government standards for wastewater discharge and avoid penalties.
• Cost savings:Reduces the need to purchase fresh water for industrial processes.

• Effluent Treatment Plant(ETP):Specifically designed for wastewater generated by industries, which often contains high levels of unique and toxic pollutants specific to their processes (e.g., chemicals, heavy metals).
• Sewage Treatment Plant(STP):Primarily handles domestic and commercial wastewater (sewage), which has a different composition than industrial effluent.